Dynamic water bridging and proton transfer at a surface carboxylate cluster of photosystem II

Proton-transfer proteins are often exposed to the bulk clusters of carboxylate groups that might bind protons transiently. This raises important questions as to how the carboxylate groups of a protonated cluster interact with each other and with water, and how charged protein groups and hydrogen-bonded waters could have an impact on proton transfers at the cluster. We address these questions by combining classical mechanical and quantum mechanical computations with the analysis of cyanobacterial photosystem II crystal structures from Thermosynechococcus elongatus. The model system we use consists of an interface between PsbO and PsbU, which are two extrinsic proteins of photosystem II. We find that a protonated carboxylate pair of PsbO is part of a dynamic network of protein–water hydrogen bonds which extends across the protein interface. Hydrogen-bonded waters and a conserved lysine sidechain largely shape the energetics of proton transfer at the carboxylate cluster

Effective SLOPE: EffectS of Lifestyle interventions in Older PEople with obesity: a systematic review and network meta-analysis protocol

Introduction Obesity is highly prevalent in older adults aged 65 years or older. Different lifestyle interventions (diet, exercise, self-management) are available but benefits and harms have not been fully quantified comparing all available health promotion interventions. Special consideration must be given to functional outcomes and possible adverse effects (loss of muscle and bone mass, hypoglycaemia) of weight loss interventions in this age group. The objective of this study is to synthesise the evidence regarding the effects of different types and modalities of lifestyle interventions, or their combinations, on physical function and obesity-related outcomes such as body composition in older adults with obesity. Methods and analyses Six databases (Medline, Embase, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Cumulated Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), Psychinfo and Web of Science) and two trial registries (Clinicaltrials.gov and the WHO International Clinical Trials Registry Platform) will be searched for randomised controlled trials of lifestyle interventions in older adults with obesity. Screening (title/abstract and full-text) and data extraction of references as well as assessment of risk of bias and rating of the certainty of evidence (Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation for network meta-analyses) will be performed by two reviewers independently. Frequentist random-effects network meta-analyses will be conducted to determine the pooled effects from each intervention. Ethics and dissemination We will submit our findings to peer-reviewed journals and present at national and international conferences as well as in scientific medical societies. Patient-targeted dissemination will involve local and national advocate groups. PROSPERO registration number CRD42019147286

Effekte von Lebensstilinterventionen auf Funktionalität und fettfreie Masse bei älteren Menschen mit Adipositas – eine systematische Übersichtsarbeit mit Netzwerkmetaanalysen

Bei älteren Personen mit Adipositas erhalten multimodale Lebensstilinterventionen die FFM und verbessern die körperliche Funktion, was für den Erhalt der Selbständigkeit einen besonderen Beitrag leisten kann

Effekte von Lebensstilinterventionen auf Körpergewicht und Fettmasse bei älteren Menschen mit Adipositas – eine systematische Übersichtsarbeit mit Netzwerkmetaanalysen

Multimodale Lebensstilinterventionen, besonders KR+AT+KT+VM, führen bei älteren Personen mit Adipositas zu einer (signifikanten) Reduktion des KG und der FM

Outcomes addressed in randomized controlled lifestyle intervention trials in community‐dwelling older people with (sarcopenic) obesity—An evidence map

Obesity and sarcopenic obesity (SO) are characterized by excess body fat with or without low muscle mass affecting bio-psycho-social health, functioning, and subsequently quality of life in older adults. We mapped outcomes addressed in randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on lifestyle interventions in community-dwelling older people with (sarcopenic) obesity. Systematic searches in Medline, Embase, Cochrane Central, CINAHL, PsycInfo, Web of Science were conducted. Two reviewers independently performed screening and extracted data on outcomes, outcome domains, assessment methods, units, and measurement time. A bubble chart and heat maps were generated to visually display results. Fifty-four RCTs (7 in SO) reporting 464 outcomes in the outcome domains: physical function (n = 42), body composition/anthropometry (n = 120), biomarkers (n = 190), physiological (n = 30), psychological (n = 47), quality of life (n = 14), pain (n = 4), sleep (n = 2), medications (n = 3), and risk of adverse health events (n = 5) were included. Heterogeneity in terms of outcome definition, assessment methods, measurement units, and measurement times was found. Psychological and quality of life domains were investigated in a minority of studies. There is almost no information beyond 52 weeks. This evidence map is the first step of a harmonization process to improve comparability of RCTs in older people with (sarcopenic) obesity and facilitate the derivation of evidence-based clinical decisions

Frontiers in Multiscale Modeling of Photoreceptor Proteins

International audienc